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But bit by bit, they became stressed by interacting with people from a different culture who spoke another language and used different regional expressions. Perhaps the Chicago traveler was initially captivated by Montanas quiet beauty and the Chinese student was originally excited to see a U.S.-style classroom firsthand. Cultural relativism: definition & examples (article) | Khan Academy Culture shock may appear because people arent always expecting cultural differences. [hidden-answer a=501221]. It helps to remember that culture is learned. Read the full article Oxytocin promotes human ethnocentrismhere, https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-3e/pages/3-1-what-is-culture, Describe and give examples of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism. Xenocentrism is the opposite of ethnocentrism, . We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. A good example of ethnocentrism is referring to parts of Asia as the Far East. One might question, Far east of where?. If your professor comes into an early morning class holding a mug of liquid, what do you assume she is drinking? An American visiting Italy might long for a real pizza or complain about the unsafe driving habits of Italians compared to people in the United States. Originally from Indiana, Barger hesitated when invited to join a local snowshoe race. During his time with the Inuit tribe, Barger learned to engage in cultural relativism. Xenocentrismis the opposite of ethnocentrism, and refers to the belief that another culture is superior to ones own. The way cuisines vary across cultures fascinates many people. An exchange student from China might be annoyed by the constant interruptions in class as other students ask questionsa practice that is considered rude in China. Music and laughter are examples of: [reveal-answer q=72875]Show Answer[/reveal-answer], Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture. Over the course of his stay, Barger participated in caribou hunts, learned how to take shelter in winter storms, and sometimes went days with little or no food to share among tribal members. Hence, no theory is strictly enforced during cultural studies, therefore allowing one to understand another culture without the need to approve or disapprove of it. Reading: Theoretical Perspectives on Culture, 48. To the Inuit people, winning was enjoyable, but their culture valued survival skills essential to their environment: how hard someone tried could mean the difference between life and death. But the tribal members congratulated him, saying, You really tried! In Bargers own culture, he had learned to value victory. We relate to others through a shared set of cultural norms, and ordinarily, we take them for granted. Why It Matters: Social Stratification and Inequality, 85. Outcome: Race, Ethnicity, and Discrimination, 106. Sign up to receive the latest and greatest articles from our site automatically each week (give or take)right to your inbox. North Americans keep more distance and maintain a large personal space. Even something as simple as eating and drinking varies greatly from culture to culture. The belief that ones culture is inferior to another culture is called: 2. Reading: Mental Health and Disabilities, 175. He knew hed never hold his own against these experts. Some travelers pride themselves on their willingness to try unfamiliar foods, like celebrated food writer Anthony Bourdain, while others return home expressing gratitude for their native cultures fare. Outcome: Sociological Views on Religion, 149. A culture consists of a group of people that possess specific traditions, language, belief system, customs, hierarchy, food, music, and literature. 14 Best Examples of Ethnocentrism (For Students) One example is the romanticization of the noble savage in the 18th-century primitivism movement in European art, philosophy and ethnography. Comparing the Similarities and Differences in the Two - Kibin 3. Xenocentrism puts others before one's own nation, which means that the health and stability of one's own is thought of as less important. (PDF) Ethnocentrism - ResearchGate . Do you feel that feelings of ethnocentricity or xenocentricity are more prevalent in U.S. culture? Such attitudes are an example ofethnocentrism, or evaluating and judging another culture based on how it compares to ones own cultural norms. That night, Caitlin crawled into a strange bed, wishing she hadnt come. The unique qualities of each culture influences the reasoning of an individual and plays a role in shaping the way that individual perceives the world and other cultures in it. While extreme ethnocentrism may take the same offensive form and may have the same dire consequences as extreme racism, there are significant differences between the two concepts. Almost everyone is a little bit ethnocentric. The belief that ones culture is inferior to another culture is called: 2. Cultural relativismis the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of ones own culture. But bit by bit, they became stressed by interacting with people from a different culture who spoke another language and used different regional expressions. During her summer vacation, Caitlin flew from Chicago to Madrid to visit Maria, the exchange student shed befriended the previous semester. Xenocentrismis the opposite of ethnocentrism, and refers to the belief that another culture is superior to ones own. And an appreciation for another culture shouldnt preclude individuals from studying it with a critical eye. By the end of Caitlins trip, shed made new lifelong friends. These views are based on how one judges other cultures that are not ones own, and the practices and customs which are foreign in nature. Reading: Ethnocentrism and Xenocentricism, 39. Marias family sat at the table for hours, speaking loudly, gesturing, and arguing about politics, a taboo dinner subject in Caitlins house. For example, while all cultures have language, analysis of particular language structures and conversational etiquette reveal tremendous differences. Why It Matters: Deviance, Crime, and Social Control, 76. Living with these constant adaptive challenges can make people feel incompetent and insecure. 5.5: Reading: Ethnocentrism and Xenocentricism Ethnocentrism is a way of thinking and perceiving the world that centers on one's own cultural or ethnic group. When they are introduced to their host families, the families kiss them on both cheeks. In the United States, the mug is most likely filled with coffee, not Earl Grey tea, a favorite in England, or Yak Butter tea, a staple in Tibet. For example, Americans tend to say that people from England drive on the wrong side of the road, rather than on the other side. In some Middle Eastern cultures, it is common to stand close to others in conversation. [reveal-answer q=436227]Show Answer[/reveal-answer], [reveal-answer q=248899]Show Answer[/reveal-answer]. Read the full article here. Exciting as it was, she felt isolated and disconnected. She missed her home and felt overwhelmed by the new customs, language, and surroundings. Xenocentrism is the opposite of ethnocentrism, which means to value one's own culture more than the other's culture. For this reason, culture shock is often associated with traveling abroad, although it can happen in ones own country, state, or even hometown. North Americans keep more distance and maintain a larger personal space. Even something as simple as eating and drinking varies greatly from culture to culture. Ethnocentric people think the ways they do things is the way things should be done, and every other culture's way of doing things is unsavory or undesirable. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. The Indegenous people of Sagada, in the Philippines, have for thousands of years placed the bodies of deceased people into coffins hung on the cliffs near their villages. Legal. Outcome: Social Stratification in the United States, 89.